Introduction to industry’s fourth revolution and its impacts on healthcare

Muhammad Muzamil Aslam , Rufai Yusuf Zakari , Ali Tufail , Sajid Ali , Kassim Kalinaki, Wasswa Shafik

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Abstract: Consider elderly physicians adapting to advanced digital healthcare facilities, a scenario that may initially perplex these seasoned doctors. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) stands at the forefront of technological progress, ushering in a new era of professional dynamics that blurs the boundary between the physical and digital realms. Its pervasive influence extends across academia, business, government, and the private sector, spanning diverse industries where Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) converge. As we navigate this unfolding era, 4IR assumes a pivotal role in bridging the chasm between the digital, biological, and physical domains, particularly revolutionizing healthcare. Within the realm of 4IR, the healthcare sector undergoes a profound transformation, with the imperative to process vast datasets to train Artificial Intelligence (AI) and ML models and algorithms. This advanced level of diagnostic prowess greatly diminishes the possibility of medical errors. The implementation of 4IR in healthcare yields substantial benefits, rivaling the significance of traditional medical transformations. Moreover, concerns regarding data security and clinical integrity remain unfounded within the 4IR paradigm. While it may read like science fiction, the amalgamation of technology and the convergence of IT and OT are manifesting this transition. The healthcare domain is transitioning from paper-based records to electronic health records (EHR), empowering physicians with seamless access to patient histories. Electronic prescriptions and information sharing have become standard practice, reflecting the remarkable transformation. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the 4IR and its profound impact on human life and challenges it presents, and the promising future prospects.


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